latest flash news, including attachments, available to Autofox News subscribers after login
Porsche: Iryna Kauk to become Vice President for Europe region (excluding Germany) on May 1. Michael Kirsch, former Head of Sales in China (President and CEO at Porsche China and Porsche Hong Kong & Macao), appointed as new Managing Director for Central and Eastern Europe (Porsche Central and Eastern Europe/CEE based in Prague, Czechia; 28 countries)
April 7, 2025 | 11:40am CETflashread more
Bauma 2025: Daimler Truck (Mercedes-Benz), MAN Truck & Bus, Scania, Tatra Trucks (+VS-Mont), Volvo Trucks, ABB, Allison Transmission, Ams Osram, Apollo Tyres, ArcelorMittal, BorgWarner, Bosch, Cummins, Dafo Vehicle, Dana, Danfoss, Deutz, Donaldson, Eberspächer, Fassi, Faun, Federal-Mogul, Forvia Hella, Hexagon, Fuchs Lubricants, Goodyear, Grammer, Hitachi, Honda Engines, Hyundai Construction Equipment, IFM Electronic, John Deere Power Systems, Johnson Controls, Kässbohrer, Kawasaki Precision Machinery, Kobit, Kögel Trailer, Komatsu, Kreisel Electric, Kubota, Kyocera Unimerco Fastening, Leica Geosystems, Liebherr, Linde Hydraulics, Magna Powertrain Engineering Center Steyr, Magna Tyres, Mann+Hummel, Miba Frictec, Murrelektronik, Palfinger, Parker Hannifin, Pewag, Röchling, Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Schaeffler Technologies, Schmitz Cargobull, Schwarzmüller, SKF, Spal Automotive, SSAB, Stäubli, Sumitomo, Suncar, Trelleborg, UFI Filters Hydraulics, Voestalpine, Volvo Construction Equipment, Volvo Penta, Würth, ZF, ZVL Auto, BNP Paribas Lease, Deutsche Leasing, LeasinGo, TotalEnergies, CzechTrade to join 34th fair for construction and mining machinery and vehicles in Munich, Germany (April 7-13). Simultaneously, conference to take place (April 7-11), focusing on one of five key topics every day (climate neutrality, mining challenge, alternative drive concepts, networked construction, sustainable construction)
April 7, 2025 | 11:32am CETflashread more
SMMT: New car registrations in UK up by 12.4% in March, by 6.4% to 580,502 in Q1 (vans up to 3.5 tonnes -3.2%, -10.6% to 84,747; trucks up to 6 tonnes +49.2%, +35.4% to 2,695). Individual fuel/power types performed differently in Q1 (BEV: 120,191 +42.6%; PHEV: 53,686 +26.1%; HEV: 86,005 +18.7%; petrol: 286,787 -7.1%; diesel: 33,833 -10.2%)
April 7, 2025 | 11:26am CETflashread more
Olfin Car (Volkswagen, Škoda, Volvo, Toyota, Ford, Lexus dealer in Trutnov, Hradec Králové, Pardubice, Toyota service in Kolín, Czechia) opened SsangYong/KGM dealership in Hradec Králové, in former Toyota showroom in Malšovice (which company moved to Slezské Předměstí)
April 7, 2025 | 11:19am CETflashread more
J.D. Power, GlobalData cut 2025 global new light-vehicle sales outlook by 100,000 cars, vans from 91.6 million (+3.4%, 2024: 88.6 million) to 91.5 million (+3.3%). Trade tensions are on rise, bringing potential for slowdown in global economy and pullback in auto sales, in particular. However, industry is showing resilience for now. Scrappage subsidies in China and growth in other Asian markets are expected to deliver increase in sales overall, although downside risks are mounting, Oakley (GlobalData) said
April 7, 2025 | 11:13am CETflashread more
Galvanoplast Bohemia (manufacturer of galvanized plastic parts for interior, exterior of cars with 186 employees in Liberec, Czechia; customers: Magna, Ulbrichts Automotive, Meraxis/Rehau Group, Winning Plastics – Linden, Hella, Škoda, Volkswagen, Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Peugeot, Plastika; turnover of CZK 600 million/EUR 24 million in 2024) is in insolvency. Company stopped paying its obligations due to shift of automakers away from chrome plating, which was caused by European REACH regulation prohibiting the use of carcinogenic substance hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) in galvanization. Galvanoplast responded to this market change by rebuilding W2 electroplating line to technology without use of Cr6+ and closing other two facilities in city (W1, W3). Firm with total debt of CZK 751 million/EUR 30 million (main creditor is Česká spořitelna with claim of CZK 571 million/EUR 23 million from acquisition loan) applied to court for reorganization
April 3, 2025 | 05:52pm CETflashread more
KBA: New car registrations in Germany down by 3.9% in March, by 4.3% to 664,571 in Q1 (motorcycles -32.8%, -40.7%; buses +6.7%, -15%; vans/trucks -13.7%, -11.7%; trailers -1.4%, -5.5%). Electric vehicle sales grew by 40% to 176,767 in Q1 (112,968 BEVs +38.9%, 63,799 PHEVs +41.8%), representing share of 26.6% (17+9.6%)
April 3, 2025 | 05:47pm CETflashread more
Marketing & PR Director Marek Vodička to leave AB Motors CZ (AutoBinck Group; MG distributor in Czechia) on April 4. We reached this decision in connection with organizational changes aimed at more effective management of marketing activities and better interconnection between AB Motors CZ and AutoBinck Car Distribution International, Králíček said. Dominika Beranová, MG brand manager, to take over coordination of marketing and PR activities between both entities (AB Motors, ACDI)
April 2, 2025 | 01:41pm CETflashread more
Czech & Slovak Sustainability Summit 2025: Atoz Marketing Services to hold 3rd conference on sustainability in Prague, Czechia on April 10. Representatives of Škoda Auto, Daikin, Camea, KB (Komerční banka), Raiffeisenbank, ČS (Česká spořitelna), ISFC (International Sustainable Finance Centre), ACT Commodities, Enviros, Rezolv Energy, Veolia, Institut 2050, VŠCHT, ČVUT, VŠB-TUO, MŽP, SP ČR (Confederation of Industry and Transport of Czech Republic) to speak at avent
April 2, 2025 | 01:34pm CETflashread more
CzechToll (ITIS Holding, PPF Group): Carriers paid record CZK 17.16 billion (EUR 688 million, +15%) in tolls in Czechia in 2024. Increase is mainly due to new CO2 emission charge introduced in March 2024, which accounts for approximately 15% of total tolls paid. Freight transport intensity grew by 3% to 1.16 billion toll transactions. At end of 2024 as many as 882,000 vehicles weighing over 3.5 tons registered in electronic toll system, of which over 700,000 vehicles had foreign license plate numbers. For registered vehicles, CzechToll issued 659,000 on-board units to carriers
April 2, 2025 | 01:21pm CETflashread more
eFleet Day 2025: Slovak Electric Vehicle Association (SEVA), MôjElektromobil.sk to hold 4th conference on possibilities of electrification of vehicle fleets in companies in Šamorín near Bratislava, Slovakia on April 9, test drives with more than 60 BEVs (Škoda, Mercedes, Renault, Ford, Hyundai, Kia, MG, Porsche, Alfa Romeo, BMW, Citroën, Cupra, Farizon, Fuso, Mini, Nissan, Opel, Peugeot, SEAT, Volvo, Xpeng, Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles), presentation of products and services (ČSOB Leasing, Visa, EES, Applipower, Ayvens, eJoin, IBG). Representatives of Škoda Auto Slovensko, Mercedes-Benz Slovakia, Emil Frey Group/Peugeot, Scania CER, Voltia, ZSE Drive, Ionity, Slovenské elektrárne, GreenWay Infrastructure, Greenlogy, OMV, NearCharger.com, ČSOB, ČSOB Poisťovňa, Global Payments, D-Tax, 3Mon, Wattiva, Siemens Healthineers, GO4, SAPI, RAP/EU to speak at conference
March 31, 2025 | 08:51pm CETflashread more
AutoSAP: 23,704 (passenger) electric vehicles produced in Czechia in February (+153%; 19,136 battery electric vehicles, +189.8%, 4,568 plug-in hybrids, +65.1%), of which 23,673 cars (+152.6%; Škoda: 15,794 BEVs, +337.6%, 2,391 PHEVs, +127.5%; Hyundai: 3,311 BEVs, +10.6%, 2,177 PHEVs, +26.9%) and 31 buses (SOR: 0 BEVs; Škoda Electric: 0 BEVs; Iveco: 31 BEVs)
March 31, 2025 | 08:46pm CETflashread more
Usage in the company
Peugeot prepared autumn special discounts for cars and roadshow for LCVs in Czech Rep
October 10, 2011 | 02:54am CEToriginalThree models below CZK 200,000, Optiway service contract free of charge when using financing, Peugeot Professional Tour 2011, sales growth in Q3...
read moreMarchionne: Fiat to leave union Confindustria to keep production in Italy
October 10, 2011 | 02:48am CEToriginalThe trade union Fiom has convened a strike on October 21 due to continuing concerns. Production of Jeep cars in Italy, the second generation AR Mito, a new engine for Alfa Romeo...
read more41 cars to compete for title of Car of the Year 2012 in Czech Rep
October 10, 2011 | 02:42am CEToriginalBrands with most representatives are Mercedes-Benz, Hyundai, Volkswagen, Citroen and Lancia. Nominated cars...
read moreMitsubishi to end production of rotary engines and RX-8
October 10, 2011 | 02:39am CEToriginalThe reason for this is expensive production, higher fuel consumption and problems with emission limits. Development, however, should continue...
read moreRenault balanced prices of Megane GT coupe and station wagon in October
October 10, 2011 | 02:34am CEToriginalAt the same time, the Twingo has become more expensive by CZK 5,000. Prices of Dacia cars have not changed. A new version of the Kangoo Express Cool with air conditioning and a car radio for an additional fee of CZK 5,000...
read moreVolkswagen recalls 168,275 VW and Audi cars with diesel engines
October 10, 2011 | 02:29am CEToriginalThe reason is a possible fuel leak that could cause a fire. The affected models and aggregate, production years, the estimated number of problematic cars...
read moreToyota prepared autumn special offer for Aygo, Verso and Avensis in Czech Rep
October 10, 2011 | 02:22am CEToriginalThe Aygo Base Cool with the price of CZK 169,900, according to the importer, has become the cheapest car with air conditioning on the market. Sets of winter tires for selected models for free...
read moreSales of new cars in Czech Rep declined by 2.1% in September, LCV sales rose by 36%
October 6, 2011 | 07:47pm CEToriginalAccording to SDA, the decrease is caused by a drop in demand from private clients. Results of brands, SDA and KPMG’s outlook for the entire year 2011...
read moreGeely apparently interested in acquiring Saab, company denied it
October 6, 2011 | 07:18pm CEToriginalGeely already owns the Swedish carmaker Volvo Car. According to IHS, Geely does not need either additional production capacities or Saab’s technologies...
read moreAutobond to enter Brno, with AZ Servis to open giant showroom in largest skyscraper in Czech Rep
October 6, 2011 | 12:46am CEToriginalScope of the partnership, opening date and showroom’ s parameters, considered brands, investor of the AZ Tower skyscraper...
read moreJohnson Controls bought Michel Thierry, including plants in Czech Rep and Slovakia
October 6, 2011 | 12:35am CEToriginalValue of the transaction, revenues of Czech plant Fezko in 2010 and investment in 2011, customer structure, clients and models...
read moreMartin Heverle became new fleet manager of Citroen in Czech Rep
October 6, 2011 | 12:21am CEToriginalHaverle has experience in car sales from Australia. He has replaced Jiri Caslavka after a year in the office, who left...
read moreAllianz launched own "eCall" in Czech Rep, yet for fleet customers only
October 6, 2011 | 12:08am CEToriginalAssistance in case of an accident, failure or theft will be provided by assistance service by ensuring communication with the black box in the vehicle. Defence against accident hunters...
read moreCARTec motor opened renovated showroom of Jaguar, Land Rover and Range Rover in Brno
October 6, 2011 | 12:01am CEToriginalAt the same time, the company became an exclusive dealer in the South Moravian region. Investments, Triumph motorcycles, expected sales and revenues...
read moreHonda plans to reduce car exports from Japan due to strong domestic currency
October 5, 2011 | 11:52pm CEToriginalThis would mean a shift of next production abroad, where the company currently produces 70% of its production. Plan’s details...
read moreCar sales in Germany rose by 8% in September
October 5, 2011 | 11:49pm CEToriginalThis happened despite the uncertainty about the debt crisis in the euro zone. For eight months of 2011, sales increased by...
read moreMichal Dolansky became new fleet manager of Kia in Czech Rep
October 5, 2011 | 11:40pm CEToriginalHe has eight-year experience in one of Prague Toyota dealership. His predecessor, Jan Vesely...
read moreMarek Vodicka to leave Kia Motors Czech
October 5, 2011 | 01:16am CEToriginalHe has been in the Czech representation of Kia for seven years, in the automotive industry for 14 years. His new job...
read moreAuto-Exner lost Seat dealer license
October 5, 2011 | 01:06am CEToriginalThis is a second loss of the dealer license of the Volkswagen Group in the Czech Republic. The dealer situation in Prague...
read morePraga-Export plans to return Praga brand among carmakers
October 5, 2011 | 12:58am CEToriginalSo far, the company makes acquisitions of manufacturers of racing cars, and expects to produce road cars in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The acquisitions and new racing models R4 and R1...
read moreJan Dryak joined AAA Auto
October 5, 2011 | 12:48am CEToriginalAfter many years working in the leasing company CSOB Leasing , he joined the used car dealer. At AAA Auto he took the position of...
read moreSeat addresses also hotels in Czech Rep, now succeeded with Alhambra in CPI Hotels
October 5, 2011 | 12:44am CEToriginalTransport company Kar Limousine Service has thus extended its fleet, comprising Audi cars. The shuttle service with Seat cars will be used by guests of the hotel...
read moreCCS: Fuel prices almost flat in Czech Rep last week
October 5, 2011 | 12:34am CEToriginalPetrol became cheaper by 6 hellers, the price of diesel went up by 3 hellers. Analysts’s expectations for this week...
read moreLand Rover chose new partner in Czech Rep for military orders
October 4, 2011 | 04:53am CEToriginalCzech company AM Motors, a joint venture of A. Charouz Motors and MPI Group of arms dealer Michal Smrz, has acquired Land Rover Defence license…
read moreHronovsky began manufacturing in fourth location in Czech Rep
October 4, 2011 | 04:43am CEToriginalThe company wants to employ 300 people in the new plant in Nachod. Moving of production, growth of the company in times of crisis, products, customers...
read more
Original reports AutofoxUsage in the companyOperating SphereOperating Sphere+Region
Production in Czechia nd SlovakiaProduction abroad and globalSales in Czechia and SlovakiaSales abroad and globalshow all
Vehicle SegmentMobilityInsuranceDamage liabilityAccident insurance, other-than-collision coverage (OTC)Windshield insuranceAnimal collision insuranceGAPAssistance services insuranceReplacement car insuranceshow all
RegionWorldEurope• Czechia• Slovakia• Poland• Hungary• Germany• United Kingdom• France• Italy• Spain• Austria• Romania• Bulgaria• Ukraine• RussiaAmerica• United States• Canada• Mexico• Brazil• ArgentinaAsia• Turkey• Israel• China• Japan• South Korea• IndiaAfrica• Morocco• Tunisia• Egypt• Nigeria• South AfricaAustraliaWestern EuropeCentral EuropeCentral and Eastern EuropeEastern EuropeBeneluxScandinaviaBalticBalkansNAFTALatin AmericaCISMiddle EastASEANshow all
ChangesAcquisitions / MergersDealer networkInvestments / ExpansionNew Plant / FacilityGrow / Fall ProductionCooperation / JVEnd of OperationHuman ResourcesPersonnel changesLogisticsLegislation / SubsidyTenders / ContractsFinancial problemsDisputes, investigations, actionsshow all
CarsR&DNew Model / FaceliftNew Engine / TransmissionTechnologyPricesSpecial offersRepair Service / TiresSpare Parts / AccessoriesWarranties / AssistanceUsed carsRecallshow all
PartsEco FuelSpecial EventsMotor Shows / Trade Fairs• Geneva Motor Show• Frankfurt Motor Show• Paris Motor Show• Brno Motor Show• Prague Motor ShowConferences / Workshops• Expected development of the automotive industry in Czechia and Central Europe• IIR Conferences• Auto 2009• Fleet Management 2010show all
AssociatonsACEA, EuropeAEB, RussiaNGV Association, CzechiaAutomotive Industry Association, CzechiaCAAM, ChinaCzech Insurance Association, CzechiaCzech Insurers’ Bureau, CzechiaCzech leasing and financial association, CzechiaCzech Gas Association, CzechiaCzech Gas Union, CzechiaKBA, GermanyOICAPFA, FranceCar Importers Association, CzechiaSISA, CzechiaSMMT, United KingdomVDA, GermanyAutomotive Industry Association, Slovakiashow all
InstitutionsGovernments / Parliaments• European Commission• European ParliamentInvestment agencies• CzechInvest, CzechiaTrade inspections• Czech Trade Inspection Authority, CzechiaStatistical authorities• Czech Statistical Office, CzechiaAntitrust authorities• Office for the Protection of Competition, CzechiaEIBshow all
AutomakersAixamAston MartinAvtoVAZ• LadaBAICBitterBMW Group• Alpina• BMW• Mini• Rolls-RoyceBrillianceBYDCaterhamCheryCNH Industrial• Iveco• (Irisbus)Czechoslovak Group• Avia• TatraDAFDaimler• Freightliner• Fuso• Mercedes• Setra• (Maybach)DongfengDR AutomobilesEkobusEkovaFAWFerrariFiskerFord Motor• Ford• Lincoln• (Mercury)GACGAZGeely Group• Geely• LEVC• Lotus• Lynk & Co• Polestar• Proton• Smart• Volvo CarsGeneral Motors• BrightDrop• Buick• Cadillac• Chevrolet• Corvette• GMC• Holden• (Daewoo)• (Hummer)• (Pontiac)• (Saturn)GonowGordonGreat Wall Motor• GWM• Haval• Ora• Tank• WeyHengchiHonda Motor• Acura• HondaHyundai Group• Genesis• Hyundai• KiaIneosIsuzuKaipanKamazKing LongKoenigseggLucidMahindra & Mahindra• Mahindra• Reva• SsangYongMartin MotorsMazdaMcLarenMitsubishiMorganNanjing AutomobileNavistarNioNissan Motor• Datsun• Infiniti• NissanPaganiPiaggioQorosRenault Group• Alpine• Dacia• Renault• SamsungRimac(Saab)SAIC Motor• LDV / Maxus• MG• Roewe(Santana)SeresSkoda ElectricSolarisSORSpykerStellantis(Fiat Chrysler Automobiles)(Fiat Group)(Chrysler Group)(PSA)• Abarth• Alfa Romeo• Chrysler• Citroen• Dodge• DS• Fiat• Jeep• Lancia• Maserati• Opel• Peugeot• Ram• VauxhallSubaruSuzukiTata Motors• Jaguar Land Rover• Jaguar• Land Rover• Tata(Tedom)TeslaTOGGToyota Motor• Daihatsu• Lexus• Toyota• (Scion)VDLVolkswagen Group• Audi• Bentley• Bugatti• Cupra• Ducati• Lamborghini• MAN• Porsche• Scania• SEAT• Skoda• VolkswagenVolvo Group• Mack• Nova Bus• Prevost• Renault Trucks• UD Trucks, Buses• Volvo Trucks, BusesYamahaZotyeOthershow all
FactoriesHyundai Motor Manufacturing Czech (HMMC) - Nošovice, CzechiaKia Slovakia - Žilina, SlovakiaPSA Slovakia - Trnava, SlovakiaŠkoda Auto - Kvasiny, CzechiaŠkoda Auto - Mladá Boleslav, CzechiaŠkoda Auto - Vrchlabí, CzechiaToyota Motor Manufacturing Czech Republic (TMMCZ) - Kolín, CzechiaVolkswagen Slovakia - Bratislava, SlovakiaVolkswagen Slovakia - Košice, SlovakiaVolkswagen Slovakia - Martin, SlovakiaVolkswagen Slovakia - Stupava, Slovakiashow all
Component manufacturers3MABBAGCAisanAisinArcelorMittalArvinMeritor (Meritor)AutolivBASFBehr (Mahle)BenetBentelerBorgersBorgWarnerBoschBranoBremboBridgestoneBriskBroseCadence Innovation (Magna)ConstructContinentalDanaDefendDelphiDensoDonaldsonDuraEdschaEissmannEuWe Eugen WexlerFaureciaFederal-MogulFehrerFTE AutomotiveFutabaGestampGetragGKNGoodyearGrammerGrupo AntolinGumotexHanonHellaHennigesHitachiHoneywellHP PelzerHutchinsonHyundai Dymos, Mobis, HyscoIACIntevaJohnson ControlsJTEKTKarsitKiekertKirchhoffKnorr-BremseKoitoKongsbergKostalKoyoKSPGLearLeoniLGLisiMagnaMagneti Marelli / Automotive LightingMann+HummelMatador AutomotiveMegatechMichelinMitsubishi Electric, RayonMubeaNemakNexenNSKOsramPanasonicPirelliPlastic Omnium / InergyRecticelRehauRieter (Autoneum)SaarGummiSaint-GobainSamsungSamvardhana MothersonSanyoSAS AutomotiveSeniorSchaefflerSiemensSKFSumitomoTakataTennecoThyssenKruppTI AutomotiveTiberinaTokai RikaToyoda GoseiTrelleborgTRWValeoVarrocVisteonWabcoWebastoWitteYanfengYazakiZFshow all
R&D companiesAKKA / MBtechAltran / SwellApplus+ IDIADAAufeer DesignBenet EngineeringBrunelEDAG EngineeringPorsche Engineeringshow all
DistributorsDealers, Service StationsAgrotecAlgonAures Holdings / AAA AutoAuto ActivityAuto CorsonAuto DubaAuto EsaAuto HaseAuto HellerAuto CharouzAuto InAuto JarovAuto PalaceAuto UHAuto-ExnerAutobondAutocentrum BarthAutosalon KlokockaBS AutoCar StarCarTec GroupCB AutoDajbychDomanskyEmil FreyFastboxGerhard HorejsekHalfordsHavexHouse of EnglandInveltLoudaLouwmanMVC AutomotiveNH CarOlfin CarPMG FinancePorsche Inter AutoRenocarRhiag (Elit, Auto Kelly)SamohylScuderia PrahaStratos AutoSulzbacherTop Centrum / Vista CarTrostTukasWiesenthalshow all
Financial CompaniesALD AutomotiveAllianzArvalAxaBanque PSA FinanceBawagBusiness LeaseCarGarantCarGarantieCCSCetelemColonnadeCrediumČeská podnikatelská pojišťovnaČeská pojišťovnaČSOB / KBCD.A.S.D.S. LeasingDirectDirect (RSA)EssoxEurop AssistanceEuropcarGE Money / GE CapitalGeneraliGlobal AssistanceHasičská vzájemná pojišťovnaHertzHome CreditKooperativaLeasePlanMaximaMondial AssistanceMonetaPillow (První klubová pojišťovna)QBE / CarlifeRaiffeisenRCI BanqueReal GarantSantandersAutoleasing / ErsteServisní pojišťovnaSixtSlaviaŠkofin / VolkswagenToyota FinancialTriglavÚAMKUniCreditUniqaVolksbankVZPWüstenrotshow all
Fuel and Energy SuppliersAgipArmexBenzinaCeproCeska rafinerskaCEZE.ONEuroOilKM-PronaLindeLukoilMOLOMVPap OilParamoPrazska plynarenskaPRERobin OilRWE / InnogyShellSlovnaftTotalUnipetrolVemex / Gazpromshow all
Another subjectsDay, Week
Month, Year
Interval
cancel
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
available to Autofox News subscribers after login
Autofox Offer
Is a hydrogen power the way of the future? Join the research!Free capacity at plastic molding plant in Jihlava, Czechia
More ads Autofox OfferAutofox Order
Autofox Enterprise
Autofox Job
Autofox Event
Autofox Estate
SELECTED FLASH NEWS
SELECTED ARTICLES
Autofox Wordbook
EXCHANGE RATES
1 EUR = 1.14 USD
1 EUR = 0.85 GBP
1 EUR = 0.94 CHF
1 EUR = 24.92 CZK
1 EUR = 4.28 PLN
1 EUR = 404.08 HUF
Source: ECB, May 7, 2025